Calcium channel blockers: These help reduce high blood pressure.Vasodilators: These medications dilate the blood vessels to decrease pulmonary congestion.If tests show that the pulmonary edema is the result of a problem in the circulatory system, healthcare professionals will administer intravenous medications to help reduce fluid volume and regulate blood pressure.ĭiuretics are the most commonly used medication and can help reduce fluid buildup by increasing the production of urine.ĭepending on the specific cause and a person’s symptoms, a healthcare professional may use any of the following other medications to treat pulmonary edema: Healthcare professionals may place a breathing tube in the trachea if a ventilator - a machine that helps a person breathe - is necessary. To raise a person’s blood oxygen levels, a healthcare professional will administer oxygen through either a face mask or nasal cannulas, which are tiny plastic tubes that a healthcare professional places in a person’s nose to provide oxygen. Abnormal heart valve: This can affect the flow of blood out of the heart.Ĭauses of pulmonary edema that are not due to poor heart function are called noncardiogenic and are often the result of ARDS.Severe heart attack: This can damage the muscle of the heart, making pumping difficult.Severe arrhythmia: This can be tachycardia (fast heartbeat) or bradycardia (slow heartbeat), both of which can result in poor heart function.Pericardial effusion with tamponade: This is a buildup of fluid around the sac that covers the heart, which can decrease the heart’s ability to pump.Hypertensive emergency: This is a severe increase in blood pressure that places excessive strain on the heart.Fluid overload: This can result from kidney failure or intravenous fluid therapy.The following heart-related problems can also lead to pulmonary edema: This causes a buildup of pressure in other parts of the circulatory system, forcing fluid into the air sacs of the lungs and other parts of the body. In this condition, the left ventricle is unable to pump out enough blood to meet the body’s needs. Pulmonary edema that results from a direct problem with the heart is called cardiogenic pulmonary edema.Ĭongestive heart failure is a common cause of cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
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